The Watergate Scandal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Watergate Scandal - Essay Example The Watergate Complex includes several administrative and hotel building located on the Potomac River in Washington, D.C., but unlike hundreds other complexes of similar caliber the Watergate is known to almost any adult citizen in the US and abroad. In fact, the event was so important that the term 'Watergate' is more commonly associated with a series of political scandals that culminated in constitutional crisis than with the hotel. The Watergate Scandal occurred during the presidency of Richard Nixon and began with arrest of five burglars at the Watergate hotel complex in Washington, D.C. and ultimately resulted in dramatic resignation of President Nixon on the 9th of August, 1974.In the months preceding the Watergate break-in, Nixon and his administration had been extremely preoccupied with their public image, and took every possible step to avoid negative publicity. The preoccupation was reasonable: Nixon's policies regarding the Vietnam War generated much criticism, and the lea king of the documents concerning the US involvement in the Vietnam War submitted to the New York Times by Daniel Ellsberg in 1971 only fueled the criticism (Bernstein and Woodward 165).In order to prevent further leaks, Nixon established a special unit nicknamed the "Plumbers". The unit led by G. Gordon Liddy and E. Howard Hunt (both of them were close to Nixon) took advantage of the situation to get involved in investigation of the private lives Nixon's critics justifying their actions with national security consideration. Evidently, the true motives underlying many actions of the Plumbers had more to do with protecting the President's public image from criticism and preparing the base for the forthcoming elections (Bernstein and Woodward 207). The Committee to Re-Elect the President (CREEP) was established in 1972 and in December the same year G. Gordon Liddy, one of the Plumbers, was appointed as general counsel to the Committee. This appointment made CREEP a powerful weapon in the hands of Nixon with Liddy behind most of CREEP's activities. In 1972, Liddy designed a serious intelligence operation against the Democrats. One of the steps within the framework of that operation was a small-scale burglary of the Democratic National Headquarters in the Watergate office complex (Westerfeld 35). On June 17, 1972, five burglars were arrested by police inside the Democratic National Headquarters in the Watergate office building in Washington DC. Four of the burglars were Cuban anti-Communists and one White House employee: they were caught during an attempt to bug the office. The Washington police convicted James McCord, Virgilo Gonzalez, Bernard Barker, Eugenio Martinez, and Frank Sturgis of 2nd degree burglary (WHT 820). The burglars had an impressive amount of tools and materials, namely a walkie-talkie, two 35-millimeter cameras, lock picks, pen-size teargas guns, advanced bugging devices, and 40 rolls of unexposed film. Besides, they also had $14,000 in hundred dollar bills that could be traced directly to CREEP (Bernstein and Woodward, 15-16). Therefore, it immediately became clear that those people had links to Nixon's Committee to Re-Elect the President. Thus, McCord was a former CIA officer employed by the CREEP as a security director. However, despite charges filed against Liddy and Hunt for their role in organization of the burglary no serious damage was done to CREEP's reputation. There were at least two reasons for that: firstly, the information disclosed at that moment was too incomplete which resulted in huge underestimation of CREEP's role; secondly, Nixon's leading positions during the pre-election period allowed him to successfully avoid any further investigations and accusations at that time (Westerfeld 45). Nixon read about the break-in on the 18 of June and the whole thing seemed so weird to him that he did not believe it and initially dismissed it as a political trick (Nixon 625-626). Charles Colson, a

Motivation at Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Motivation at Work - Essay Example The first motivational theory that will be considered is Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. This is a content theory that states that there are five levels of needs that an individual moves through. The first level is physiological needs, which refers to the basic need for food and shelter. The second level is safety needs, which includes having job security. The third level is belongingness needs, which refers to an individual's need to feel like they are part of something and to feel that their contribution is important. The fourth level is esteem, which refers to an individual's need to feel good about themselves, including feeling that their work is appreciated. The fifth and final level is self-actualisation, which refers to the individual feeling that they are realising their potential. This final level represents the individual being at their most motivated. At this point, the employee works to be the best that they can be, while feeling maximum satisfaction and while also fe eling that their contribution is valued. The important thing about the hierarchy is that individuals cannot achieve any stage without first progressing through the earlier stages (Daft 1997, p. 529). Therefore, an employee cannot reach the self-actualisation stage if their physiological, safety, belongingness and esteem needs have not first been met. This means that a manager must ensure that every level of need is provided for if they want employees to be highly motivated. The first level is physiological needs, which is the need for food. To provide for this need, the manager needs to ensure that employees are adequately compensated. The next stage is safety needs. Safety needs have been provided for when employees feel that they have job security and that they are physically safe within the workplace. The third stage is belongingness needs, which refers to an employee's need to feel that they are part of something. This means ensuring that employees know their role in the organis ation and how they fit into the organisation as a whole. The fourth stage is esteem needs, which is the employee's need to feel good about themselves. To achieve this, employees need to be praised for their actions. This praise could be in the form of a monetary reward, an award for their efforts, or a simple thank you. This can also be achieved by giving the employee an opportunity to achieve that they feel like they are contributing. The final stage is self-actualisation. This stage occurs when all other needs have been met. At this stage, employees work for themselves, as much as for the company, where they desire to achieve goals because it matters to them. This is the maximum motivation achievable based on the fact that all individuals will ultimately value themselves more than anyone else. This theory can be applied by managers by recognising the level that employees are at and taking actions to help them progress through the stages until they reach the maximum level of motiva tion. The next theory that will be considered is ERG theory. It is another content theory and is quite similar to Maslow's theory. ERG theory describes three levels of motivation: existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. The first level of existence needs is similar to Maslow

U07d1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

U07d1 - Essay Example This paper highlights that when a person is in condition as bad as this, they tend to be more trusting and willing to take up any help that they are provided. Also with the old age, people tend to trust what others say and take the time out to listen to others. Imagine if the same thing were to happen to a younger person, firstly, they would not let the strangers inside the house secondly, the doubt would always be present and a youngster would prefer to call in to home repair stores than to trust two men who just walk in. From this study it is clear that the level of trusting and the patience to listen to strangers; increases in several people as they grow old. In the case of Mrs. White, she has been alone for nine years knowing that she needs to get something done about the home repairs however has not had the courage to call some to assist here. In this state, she might feel the helplessness and would prefer to go with anything that is easily available. Hence she was easily persuaded into paying them $12,000 and trusting to strangers without any form of verification. Organisations like the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP), assist individuals with many things which include, health, money, leisure, family and even social lifestyle and issues like the one faced by Mrs. White. The organisation provides the people with support and care. AARP assists the elderly with several different aspects of life to avoid them feeling low and being dependent on others. Financially, the organisation provi des the elderly with advice and also how to safeguard their money. In the case of Mrs. White, if she had opted to take the assistance of the organisation, she would not have lost the $12,000 and would not go through the trauma of having her house ripped out the way it had been.  

JAPANESE CIVILIZATION PowerPoint Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

JAPANESE CIVILIZATION - PowerPoint Presentation Example According to the historical background of the Kamakura, religion was their center of governance and all their decisions were also to run in accordance with their religious rules. Hover much they tried to keep and safeguard their religious beliefs and policies, they still faced some challenges that almost messed up their religion (Kimura 206). The monks were to give directions as they follow but due to the high rate of women seduction, they could not make it as the monks fell into women trap hence leading to direction loss. As per my perception, the development of the Kamakura was mainly based on the stability of Buddhism as a religion. This is so because they had strong belief in their religion hence giving all the powers to their religious leaders. It can therefore be assumed that at one time, the Kamakura faced a lot of difficulties in relation to governance after the parting of some monks. The adulterous also lead to religion break up and this further in turn led to group split out. The Kamakura was therefore separated into different groups based on their beliefs and trust hence leading to the formation or re-establishment of religious beliefs and policies that were to be maintained at all

International business law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International business law - Coursework Example In relation to international business law, law of contract serves as an important element for ensuring fair international trade and transactions. Law of contract is an essential element that aid in protecting the interest of parties involved in an agreement. In this regard, ‘Offer’, ‘Agreement’, ‘Acceptance’, ‘Consideration’ and ‘Intention to create legal relations’ are ascertained to be important element related to law of contract. Correspondingly, this paper intends to discuss about the concept consideration and critically evaluates the two statements regarding consideration (Jenks, 2012). Definition and Explanation of Consideration In relation to the law of contract, the term consideration is understood as a very important element which is required while making a contract. In its simple meaning, the doctrine of consideration is regarded as the principle way of deciding whether an agreement that has resulted from the exchange of offer and acceptance should be legally enforceable. The doctrine of consideration may include a promise for the performance of a particular act and may also consist of statements to refrain from the performance of certain tasks or acts that someone has the legal authority to do. The doctrine of consideration is looked as detriment for the party performing his part of agreement and benefit for the other party. The doctrine of consideration on the other hand, can also be understood as the mode of connection which brings together different parties under a single contract (Jenks, 2012; Wilshart, 2012; Taylor & Taylor, 2007). (a) Consideration Must Be Sufficient but Does Not Have to Be Adequate The above statement i.e. consideration must be sufficient but does not have to be adequate lays broad importance in the overall context of law of contract. It is essential that consideration must be sufficient. This means that what is being put forwarded in the agreement by the parties entering into it must be something which can be recognized as legally capable of constituting consideration. This aspect provides the maximum amount of weightage because consideration is the root to establishment of long term and short term business relationship. Also, the consideration gives birth to the establishment of contract between multiple parties. As consideration is an essential part of a contract, it derives primary importance in the overall context of law and when the contract gets breached in any case it also accounts for punishment. Taking this aspect into concern, it can be stated that the consideration must be sufficient. Therefore, before the establishment of any contract, the primary importance needs to be delivered in making a consideration sufficient. In addition, consideration plays a very important role for the formation of business in the international landscape as well. This factor lays primary importance because in order to form international business chann els, there are various factors that are needed to be taken into concern and consideration between the parties in a contract being the most important (Charman, 2013; Goode & Goode, 2011). If a consideration is sufficient then it will also lead to start up of a contract in an ideal manner. It will lead to proper functioning of a contract in a legalized form. All these aspects combined will lead

The Vitality of Personal Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Vitality of Personal Planning - Essay Example According to researchers and thinkers, planning is a vital element in an individual’s life. If one establishes goals and develops a desire to attain them without proper and efficient planning, he or she would not be able to achieve them. As per my own experience, I have witnessed that planning is undoubtedly a strong factor in making things right and leading them in the right direction. It helps me grow more in every field of life, and whenever I am unplanned and do not have a proper strategy for a certain task, either at college or work, I sometimes fail, or even if I am able to do it, then it is not as effective as I would have done it with proper planning and scheme(Ferzoco). The significance and vitality of planning have been discussed by many writers, authors, and other intellectuals and philosophers. In the article ‘In Praise of the Urban Sandbox’, which was published in April 2011 in the Magazine of the American Planning Association, the importance of plann ing in context with video games and digital gaming has been emphasized. Jeff Ferzoco, the writer of the article, has discussed planning in a brief manner, which is at the same time interesting to read(Ferzoco). The main emphasis of Ferzoco in the article revolves around the idea that planning can lift the standards and can turn the directions of certain things from negative to positive. By giving examples of games, he has stressed on the fact that games are not a bad medium which just consumes hours of people and keeps them busy for no good. In fact, games have turned out as a good medium for people and encourage them to rethink towards certain aspects of life. They teach them by getting them involved in real-life situations while they are in games(Ferzoco). I have learned a lot and games such as ‘cities in motion’ and ‘Cityville’ which has changed my concept and perspective completely. It is very well said that games, particularly computer games cannot be considered just as games, in fact, they are effective learning medium. However, it has all been made possible with proper and effective planning of game designers and planners. While I am playing games, I become curious and possessive regarding many things and want to make them work in a correct and appropriate manner. For example, if I see a long line of unhappy people waiting at a bus station in my city, I will try to divert that crowd to other station or will allocate another bus for them on an immediate basis so that they get to their destinations on time. Similarly, if I witness a decrease in economic and financial sources in my city, I will set up new industries and buildings so that it raises the economy. However, this seems possible only in games and is better said than done; but at least it gives me an idea of how to tackle situations and what actually is going on. The game planners design games so efficiently that they almost portray real life situations and issues(Ferzoco ). Ferzoco has also given different examples from different games in the article; those games which have made people learn, such as Farmville, CityVille on Facebook by Zynga, Sincity, and many others role-playing games.

Global warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Global warming - Essay Example (1). The term global warming does not merely connote to an increase in the temperature but also envisages an overall climatic change. Because of this change in temperature and climate, economy, human health, and the ecosystems can encounter drastic consequences. The main pollutant to atmosphere that contributes to global warming is carbon dioxide, which causes warming in atmosphere. Other pollutants such as fossil fuel, methane gas and green house gases also are act as warming agents. Unfortunately, human beings are the ones who cause this imbalance between life and earth and the consequences have already reached disastrous proportions. CO2 emitted from â€Å"power plants and vehicles† play a crucial role in increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere (Wang & Chameides 36). Certain other human activities that entail degradation of wild life, â€Å"spread of homes and infrastructure† and sinking of costal land also adds pace to the process of global warming (Wang & Chameides 36). Global warming triggers killer heat waves, drought, forest pests, wildfires and contributes to rising sea level, shrinking snowpack, disappearance of glaciers, disintegrating polar ice, melting permafrost damage to coral reefs, shifting species rang es and yearly cycles and disease outbreaks (36). Besides, it also causes considerable harm to the ecosystem apart fro damaging agriculture and animal habitats. In addition, increase in atmospheric temperature may result in death of life forms, including human beings, due to the unbearable heat and drought. Wild fires can cause loss in â€Å"forestry, agriculture, and electric power sectors† (Wang & Chameides 36). High rates of evaporation may result in an increase in water vapor in air, which can cause heavy rainfall and flooding. Intense evaporation may also entail loss of moisture from soil and consequently droughts can occur (36). Evidence further points to the fact that over the course of 20th century, sea level has