Workforce Diversity at IBM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Workforce Diversity at IBM - Essay Example IBM had just actualized Workforce decent variety as ahead of schedule as 1953 while this lone turned into a prerequisite more than ten years after the fact under the Civil Rights Act of the US in 1964. This shows IBM has consistently been focused on actualizing workforce decent variety dissimilar to different firms who do it since it must be finished. IBM had just understood the significance of enhancing the workforce for the firm so as to build profitability as well as to expand their vital preferred position. The way that IBM had just grasped the possibility of workforce decent variety as ahead of schedule as the 1950s is significant in contemplations that the globalization of exchange had not started. Globalization, which was basic in constraining associations into grasping work environment assorted variety, just came a lot later during the 1980s and it is right now that most worldwide firms acknowledged they needed to differentiate their workforce so as to guarantee that they are all around serious and that they can address the difficulties of a worldwide market (Strachan, French and Burgess 4). In such manner, IBM can be viewed as the pioneer of the standard of workforce decent variety. Taking a gander at the data gave about IBM workforce decent variety in this area, it turns out to be certain that the individual is progressively evident that executing workforce assorted variety ought not be driven by the governmental policy regarding minorities in society of the Civil Rights Act of the US in 1964. ... a cutting edge world, any firm, particularly those working in the worldwide condition ought to have the option to ensure that their work is as differentiated however much as could be expected. A broadened workforce isn't just bound to give the firm more advancements but on the other hand can address the issues of the different market. IBM was the first to understand that broadening the workforce would assist the redesigns with being ready to be serious in a worldwide market. Actually, as indicated by Richard (477), current associations are understanding that differentiating the workforce isn't the perfect activity, however a prerequisite for the association so as to obtain upper hand in the market. This likely clarifies the motivation behind why IBM proceeded to get one of the best organizations on the planet. The other issue which comes out from the theme is the way that executing workforce assorted variety isn't a simple assignment and it is an errand which must be taken a gander a t in an intense way. Firms ought to have the option to comprehend workforce assorted variety isn't just about employing people from all classes of individuals, for example, from various races, various capacities and so on. Workforce decent variety anyway is having the option to search for gifts from varying backgrounds. IBM was the primary firms to break the ice when isolation in the work environment was exceptionally high. Numerous organizations misconstrue workforce assorted variety and execute it in the incorrect manner. In addition to the fact that firm misunderstand decent variety, yet in addition the enactments which have been made, for example, the Civil Rights Act of the US in 1964 have an inappropriate perspective on what assorted variety ought to be. Assorted variety ought not be roused by giving the minority bunches an additional bit of leeway over the larger part. Equivalent open door business ought to be propelled by the need to have all individuals of a wide range of

Strategic importance of the Indian Ocean Region

Key significance of the Indian Ocean Region The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) has become the center point of extraordinary worldwide movement throughout the decades for different reasons. The most significant exchange courses of the world go through this area. The Indian Ocean gives the overwhelming outlet to oil from the Persian Gulf to different goals everywhere throughout the world. The Malacca Strait is a basic gag point through which the oil headed for the West shoreline of USA, China, Japan, Australia and different nations of South-East Asia must pass Oil being of fundamental enthusiasm to most countries, significant forces, particularly the USA, keep up an obvious and tenable nearness in the area. Since reliance on oil will keep on expanding later on and trades from the Central Asian Republics via ocean would likewise must be directed through the ports of this area, the Indian Ocean is probably going to observe conflicts of monetary interests and a tempestuous security condition. This district has been named by certain exam iners, as one of the most dangerousâ [1]â . The finish of the Cold War has seen a move in the focal point of world consideration regarding the IOR. The procurement of atomic little weapons by the nations of this area and multiplication of fear based oppression, theft, tranquilize dealing and inside strife in a few nations have made the locale amazingly unstable. Outer forces are, accordingly, quick to intercede, not exclusively to intervene or lessen this unpredictability yet additionally in their endeavor to stretch out their impact straight up to the IOR through their physical nearness. The persistent monetary concealment of the people groups of this area has incited nations to frame financial groupings and sub-groupings trying to cultivate more prominent financial prosperity of the IOR nations. Be that as it may, these endeavors have so far neglected to change into target increases because of numerous reasons; the essential ones being two-sided issues between countries which sway their direct and reaction in multilateral fo ra, prohibitive exchange systems forced by financially predominant world forces and mechanical backwardness of the majority of the nations, requiring their proceeded with reliance on innovatively unrivaled countries for framework and modern turn of events. Islands in IOR. The incomparable Indian edge, the Madagascar edge and St Pauls edge structure the three principle chains of islands. The vital ramifications of the islands are as per the following:- These islands are a solitary source economy and don't have any resistance ability and subsequently stay presented to outer mediation or look for security ensures. These islands have key criticalness because of their area, vicinity to exchange courses and all around created harbors. History has borne the way that previously, western sea force could control the Indian Ocean and littoral nations by prudence of having these islands. Significant Straits. The Indian Ocean district has 30 waterways and diverts in and abutting the Indian Ocean. The significant ones are as per the following:- Bab-el-Mandeb (between South Yemen and Djibouti); Bass Strait (between Australian landmass and Tasmania); Waterway of Hormuz (among Iran and Oman); Lombok, Bali, Sunda and Makassar Straits (in the Indonesian archipelago) Singapore Strait (among Singapore and Riau island of Indonesia) Malacca Strait (between Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore) Mozambique channel (among Mozambique and Malagasy Republic.â [2]â Ocean Routes. The Indian Ocean gives significant ocean courses interfacing the Middle East with Europe, East Asia, Africa and US. The accompanying courses are the most huge ones in the Indian Ocean and their conclusion would bring about gagging the worldwide vitality supplies:- Suez Route. Suez course interfaces Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea through Suez Channel. A significant stifle point in this course is Bab-al-Mandeb which interfaces Red Sea to Arabian Sea. Â Cape Route. This course gives a substitute to the Suez Route and interfaces the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Overwhelming big haulers and mass transporters because of profundity limitations in the Suez Canal likewise ordinarily utilize this course. Waterways of Malacca. This is the most significant section to/from the Pacific Ocean and gives the briefest and most advantageous connection among Pacific and Indian Ocean.â Financial Importance to India The Indian landmass extends 1,980 km into the Indian Ocean with half of the Indian Ocean bowl existing in a 1500 km range of India, a reality that has vital ramifications. Between the Gulf of Aden and Malacca Strait, is viewed as Indias range of prominence. India is one of not very many (06) nations on the planet to have built up the innovation to extricate minerals from the remote ocean bed. Under the law of the ocean, by including the ocean conduits containing regional zone of 20 km, adjoining zone 40 km, an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of 320 km, India has elite rights to investigate mineral riches in a territory of 150,000 square km in the Indian Oceanâ [3]â . India imports 70 % of its oil prerequisites, 4000 big haulers come to Indian ports every year and very nearly 95 % of Indian exchange moves via ocean. Any impedance to our ocean paths, waterfront seaward territories and ports, will cripplingly affect the countrys financial development. Practically 3.5 million Indians work in Gulf nations and it is in Indias enthusiasm to guarantee that nature in Gulf remains stableâ [4]â . The IO is a basic conduit for worldwide exchange and trade. This key span has substantial global sea traffic that incorporates half of the universes containerized freight, 33% of its mass load and two third of its oil shipment. Its waters convey overwhelming traffic of oil and oil based commodities from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia, and contain an expected 40% of the universes seaward oil creation. Notwithstanding giving valuable minerals and vitality source, the seas fish are vital to the circumscribing nations for residential utilization and fare. Oil. Persian Gulf caters for 61% of oil stores and 26 % of gas stores of the whole world. The Strait of Hormuz is by a wide margin the universes most significant oil gag point with an expected 15.5 million barrels of oil move through it every day. The other basic stifle point is Malacca Strait and more than 60,000 vessels and 10 million barrels of oil is shipped through itâ [5]â . Notwithstanding US, majority of oil for Japan, South Korea and China goes through the Indian Ocean which makes their anxiety for guaranteeing the free access and a specific level of impact in the area a flat out need. Oil request in creating nations is relied upon to develop at a quick rate. By 2020 China is required to be the biggest vitality shopper and its reliance on the import is probably going to be of tune of 80% in 2010. Japan presently imports 95% of its oil from the Middle East. In this manner, the pertinence of Gulf as a vitality place in the international strategies of China and Japan is going to proceed later on. An investigation of the patterns in oil utilization has indicated an unmistakable ascent in all nations. Geo-Strategic Imperatives The Indian Ocean gives significant ocean courses interfacing the Middle East, Africa and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It conveys an especially substantial traffic of oil and oil based goods from the oilfield of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Enormous stores of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the seaward territories of Saudi Arabia. Iran, India and Western Australia. An expected 40% of the universes seaward oil creation originates from the Indian Ocean. Sea shore sands, plentiful in substantial minerals, and seaward stores are effectively abused by flanking nations, especially India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Today, about 20 million transportation compartments are moving the world over earned by less than 4000 structures. The blast of trans-maritime exchange has made trade progressively defenseless, not just in the conspicuous sense that economies have developed increasingly associated, yet additionally on the grounds that, even as the volume of delivered loads expanded, the quantity of noteworthy payload transporters has diminished due to the expanding size of business vessels, from supertankers to holder ships. The Straits of Malacca, the universes second busiest ocean path, accept importance here. 80% of Japans oil supplies and 60% of Chinas oil supplies are sent through the Straits of Malacca. US$ 70 billion worth of oil goes through the waterways every year. Practically a large portion of the universes containerized traffic goes through this gag point. The vast majority of the boats approach the waterways through the 10 degree channel between the Andaman and Nicobar islands. India, a long these lines, can possibly overwhelm a key ocean path. India has set up its first tri-administration order, the A Command at Port Blair in the Andamans. It intends to create Port Blair as a vital global exchange community and manufacture an oil terminal and transshipment port in Campbell Bay in the Nicobar islands. India is an individual from the Antarctic Treaty Parties Consultative Group and has just set up two for all time staffed logical bases there. It has developed a 10,000 foot runway in Antarctica to support future missions, having finished a few effective arrivals there. The Laccadive islands, in like manner, offer the chance of India anticipating its capacity westwards. India is only 800 km away from OS military offices in Oman. Exchange with the Gulf States is a significant feature of the Indian economy from antiquated occasions. With expanding exchange relations with the nations of the East, India has higher stakes in the locale, in the years to come, Trade volumes with the ASEAN nations have dramatically increased in 10 years, from a simple $1484 million out of 1993, the Indian market has risen as probably the biggest merchant of South East Asian products with imports contacting $10,942 million in 2004â [6]â . The as of late finished up Free Trade Agreements with nations like Thailand and Singapore are set to add to this pattern. Growing markets and bigger impa

Diagnosis of Eating Disorders

Diagnosis of Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Diagnosis Print Diagnosis of Eating Disorders By Susan Cowden, MS facebook linkedin Susan Cowden is a licensed marriage and family therapist and a member of the Academy for Eating Disorders. Learn about our editorial policy Susan Cowden, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on December 13, 2019 Zero Creatives / Creative RF / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Diagnosis Symptoms Treatment Awareness and Prevention Eating disorders can be diagnosed by a number of professionals, including medical physicians or mental health professionals, such as psychiatrists, psychologists, dietitians, or social workers. Sometimes a pediatrician or family practice doctor will diagnose an eating disorder after noticing symptoms within the course of a regular check-up or having questions brought up by the patient or his or her parent. On other occasions, a patient or his or her family will have concerns and schedule an assessment with a mental health professional. Is There a Test for Eating Disorders? While eating disorders are serious illnesses with physical complications, there is no laboratory test to screen for eating disorders. However, there are multiple questionnaires and assessment tools that may be used to assess a persons symptoms. These may include self-report instruments, such as the Eating Disorder Inventory, the SCOFF Questionnaire, the Eating Attitudes Test, or the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). An eating disorder professional will also usually interview the person about his or her experience. Questions will typically include topics such as current eating and exercise habits, how much a person weighs, and whether he or she has recently lost weight, as well as the persons views on weight and body image. A professional may also ask about physical symptoms, such as being cold much of the time or bruising easily. Identifying Eating Disorders It is not uncommon for patients with eating disorders, especially patients with anorexia nervosa, to not believe that they are ill. This is a symptom called anosognosia. So, if you are concerned about a friend or loved one and he or she denies having a problem, it does not necessarily mean there is not a problem. Within the course of a physical examination, a physician may also use a number of diagnostic tools, includingâ€"but not limited toâ€"blood work, a bone density exam, and/or an electrocardiogram (EKG), to assess whether there are any medical complications from the eating disorder. What Criteria Are Used to Diagnose Eating Disorders? Physicians and mental health professionals use diagnostic criteria from the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-V), to diagnose eating disorders. The DSM is a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association. It is currently in its fifth edition. Each diagnostic category in the book has been created based on research and feedback from clinicians. While the best-known eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder, there are other eating disorders as well. People who are struggling with some of the symptoms of an eating disorder but do not meet full criteria or who are struggling with issues surrounding weight and food to the point that it is an issue in their life may also be diagnosed with other specified or unspecified eating disorder (OSFED or UFED). Criteria for anorexia nervosa include symptoms related to significantly low body weight, a fear of weight gain and body image issues.Criteria for bulimia nervosa include recurrent binge eating and purging behaviors occurring at least twice per week for at least three months, as well as a self-evaluation that is based on weight and/or body shape.Criteria for binge eating disorder include recurrent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food at least once a week for three months. What Happens After an Eating Disorder Diagnosis A treatment team and treatment plan will be formulated based on the needs of the patient. This may include referral to other professionals and/or more in-depth assessment of symptoms. A treatment team may include a therapist, a dietician, a medical physician, and a psychiatrist. Typically, the professional who diagnoses the eating disorder can help refer a person to other eating disorder professionals within the community. A treatment plan may include outpatient treatment, inpatient treatment, or residential treatment. Often, treatment includes both the patient and their family. Find Help With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Free Online Screening Tool If you are concerned about having an eating disorder, you may also want to take a screening test offered through the National Eating Disorders Association.

Diagnosis of Eating Disorders

Diagnosis of Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Diagnosis Print Diagnosis of Eating Disorders By Susan Cowden, MS facebook linkedin Susan Cowden is a licensed marriage and family therapist and a member of the Academy for Eating Disorders. Learn about our editorial policy Susan Cowden, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on December 13, 2019 Zero Creatives / Creative RF / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Diagnosis Symptoms Treatment Awareness and Prevention Eating disorders can be diagnosed by a number of professionals, including medical physicians or mental health professionals, such as psychiatrists, psychologists, dietitians, or social workers. Sometimes a pediatrician or family practice doctor will diagnose an eating disorder after noticing symptoms within the course of a regular check-up or having questions brought up by the patient or his or her parent. On other occasions, a patient or his or her family will have concerns and schedule an assessment with a mental health professional. Is There a Test for Eating Disorders? While eating disorders are serious illnesses with physical complications, there is no laboratory test to screen for eating disorders. However, there are multiple questionnaires and assessment tools that may be used to assess a persons symptoms. These may include self-report instruments, such as the Eating Disorder Inventory, the SCOFF Questionnaire, the Eating Attitudes Test, or the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q). An eating disorder professional will also usually interview the person about his or her experience. Questions will typically include topics such as current eating and exercise habits, how much a person weighs, and whether he or she has recently lost weight, as well as the persons views on weight and body image. A professional may also ask about physical symptoms, such as being cold much of the time or bruising easily. Identifying Eating Disorders It is not uncommon for patients with eating disorders, especially patients with anorexia nervosa, to not believe that they are ill. This is a symptom called anosognosia. So, if you are concerned about a friend or loved one and he or she denies having a problem, it does not necessarily mean there is not a problem. Within the course of a physical examination, a physician may also use a number of diagnostic tools, includingâ€"but not limited toâ€"blood work, a bone density exam, and/or an electrocardiogram (EKG), to assess whether there are any medical complications from the eating disorder. What Criteria Are Used to Diagnose Eating Disorders? Physicians and mental health professionals use diagnostic criteria from the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-V), to diagnose eating disorders. The DSM is a manual published by the American Psychiatric Association. It is currently in its fifth edition. Each diagnostic category in the book has been created based on research and feedback from clinicians. While the best-known eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder, there are other eating disorders as well. People who are struggling with some of the symptoms of an eating disorder but do not meet full criteria or who are struggling with issues surrounding weight and food to the point that it is an issue in their life may also be diagnosed with other specified or unspecified eating disorder (OSFED or UFED). Criteria for anorexia nervosa include symptoms related to significantly low body weight, a fear of weight gain and body image issues.Criteria for bulimia nervosa include recurrent binge eating and purging behaviors occurring at least twice per week for at least three months, as well as a self-evaluation that is based on weight and/or body shape.Criteria for binge eating disorder include recurrent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food at least once a week for three months. What Happens After an Eating Disorder Diagnosis A treatment team and treatment plan will be formulated based on the needs of the patient. This may include referral to other professionals and/or more in-depth assessment of symptoms. A treatment team may include a therapist, a dietician, a medical physician, and a psychiatrist. Typically, the professional who diagnoses the eating disorder can help refer a person to other eating disorder professionals within the community. A treatment plan may include outpatient treatment, inpatient treatment, or residential treatment. Often, treatment includes both the patient and their family. Find Help With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Free Online Screening Tool If you are concerned about having an eating disorder, you may also want to take a screening test offered through the National Eating Disorders Association.

Renewable Energy On The Uav Essay - 967 Words

What the renewable energy is? Renewable energy is energy or power that is created from natural resources such as wind power, oceanic waves, and the sun. These resources can be used to replace other energy generators such as electricity and gasoline. The aim: On this project aiming is to use renewable energy on the UAV , therefore, it will be able to fly for longer distance without needs of landing for recharging or filled with fuel. In addition to that, solar panels are the reasonable solution for that which we can categorize these panels into: Polycrystalline Monocrystalline Hybrid All-Black These types of panels have different standard and verity of reducing energy, also they are hard panels and heavy which could produce a great amount of energy and mostly are used for house usages .However,’’ Ececom Flexible panels’’ give us this option to have a very lighter weight and great energy to be used on the UAV. Table 1 shows the details of these panels: Peak Power Pmax 130(Wp) Open-circuit voltage. Voc 20,32(V) Short-circuit current lsc 8,61(A) Voltage at Pmax. Vmp 16,89(V) Current at Pmax. Lmp 8,1 Number of cells 32 Size (b x h) 1355 x 660(mm) Thickness ( 1,7 (mm) Weight 2,2(kg) Efficiency Mono 18% Terminal ends Cable with universal MC4 plugs Max system voltage 600 V Moreover, our aim is to have longer time using renewable energy and storage the energy into the UAV so it does not need to landing after a period of time and only in emergency requires toShow MoreRelatedRenewable Energy On The Uav967 Words   |  4 PagesWhat the renewable energy is? Renewable energy is energy or power that is created from natural resources such as wind power, oceanic waves, and the sun. These resources can be used to replace other energy generators such as electricity and gasoline. The aim: On this project aiming is to use renewable energy on the UAV , therefore, it will be able to fly for longer distance without needs of landing for recharging or filled with fuel. In addition to that, solar panels are the reasonable solution forRead MoreBenefits Of Military Technology On Technology1688 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscuss more on the traces of the technology in other areas, but with less desirable outcomes. In addition, we will talk briefly about the instances where civilian technologies were used by the military. Nuclear energy has the potential to replace fossil fuel as the main source of energy, but it is also one of the most debated topic of our time. After the World Wars have ended, we saw how nuclear technology flourished outside of military technology, but at the same time, faced with many concernsRead MoreVaining Comparison And Opportunity9989 Words   |  40 Pagesk-connected if any sensor in the system is k-direct-neighbor (i.e., the sensor can communicate with its neighbors directly) perimeter-covered. Then, a sensor-sleeping scheduling protocol, that combining with a transmission power control protocol to reduce energy consumption, is proposed. In [71], the authors developed a maximum connected load-balancing cover tree (MCLCT) algorithm to achieve full coverage as well as base station-connectivity of each sensing node by dynamically forming load-balanced routingRead MoreStreet Light16880 Words   |  68 PagesINDEX |S.NO |TITLE |PAGE NO | |1 |Introduction |1 | |2 |Solar Energy |4 | |3 |Photovoltaics |24 | |4 |Solar Cell |28 | |5 |Solar Roadway |51 | |6 |Component description Read MoreAnnual Report Rolls-Royce78484 Words   |  314 Pageshighlights 02 Chairman’s statement 04 Chief Executive’s review 08 Our consistent strategy 20 Market outlook 22 Key performance indicators 26 Principal risks and uncertainties 28 Review of operations 28 civil aerospace 30 defence aerospace 32 marine 34 energy 36 engineering and technology 38 operations 40 Services 42 Sustainability 48 Finance Director’s review goVernAnce 56 56 58 58 59 62 63 63 64 67 78 80 81 81 Chairman’s introduction Board of directors The Group Executive The International Advisory

Mathematics Statistics, Problem Solving

Mathematics Statistics, Problem Solving 1. The Length of a certain species of fish has a normal distribution with mean 50 mm and standard deviation 4.5 mm. A random sample of four fish is drawn and their length X1, X2, X3, and X4, are observed. Calculate the probability that. (3 pts) All four fish have lengths between 51 and 60 mm (3 pts) The mean length of the four fish is between 51 and 60mm (3 pts) Explain why the answer to part A would always be bigger than answer to part b. Answer: a. P (51 X 60) = ( 51-50/4.5) X ( 60 – 50/4.5) = 0.22 X 2.22 = 0.986791 0.587064 = 0.399727 b. Mean of Sampling Distribution = 50 mm Standard Deviation of the Sample = 4.5/sqrt(4) = 4.5/2 = 2.25 t (51) = 51 – 50/ (2.25) = 1 / 2.25 = 0.44 t (60) = 60 – 50/ (2.25) = 4.44 Df = 4 -1 =3 P (51 t 60) = 0.9894 – 0.6551 =0.3343 c. The answer to part A will always be bigger because it is taken from a larger population, whereas the part b is taken from sample, and due to less number of observations, the probability will be less. 2. (3pts) Using computer simulation, several independent random samples each of size n were drawn from a population that has a normal distribution with mean 50 and a standard deviation 9. This means of the samples were then calculated and it was found that 68%of the sample means lies between 48.5 and 51.5. Find the sample size n. Assume that n is large enough for the central limit theorem to hold. Answer: 48.5 – 50 /( 9/sqrtN) X (51.5 -50)/ 9 sqrtN) = 0.68 = 1.5/(9/sqrtN) X 1.5/(SqrtN) = 0.68 = 1.5/(9/sqrtN) = 0.408 = (1.5* SqrtN) = .408 = SqrtN = 0.408/1.5 Sqrt N = 0.272 N = .073984 3. A random variable x has a binomial distribution with n – 100 and p=.45. Using the Normal approximately to the binomial with continuity correction, calculate the following probabilities a. P(X=50) b. P(x60) c. P(40X50) a. 0.048151971 b. 0.000938232 c. 0.682367 4. Recall the population of Ellipticus (copy attached). Using stat crunch, drawindependent random samples of 5 non-mutants and 5 mutants from this population. Then measure the lengths (to the nearest millimeter) of Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, and Y5 be the lengths of the mutants. Using the data 3 points each A. Obtain a 95 confidence interval for the population mean length ÃŽ ¼Nof non mutants B. Obtain a 95 confidence interval for the population means length ÃŽ ¼M of mutants C. Obtain a 95 confidence interval for the difference in population mean length ÃŽ ¼N-ÃŽ ¼Mbetween non-mutants and mutants 5. The manufacturer of a new prostate cancer drug claims that it has a least 65% cure rate. You are the statistician assigned to validate the claim with data. So you administered the drug on a random sample of 30 patients and proceed with the following test: Let p be the unknown cure rate and let the random variable x be the number of cures among the 30 patients.note that x has a binomial distribution with n-30 and event probablity p. Set up the null hypotheses ho: p0.65 Decision rule: reject ho if the observed number of cures x25 3 point each A. Using statcrunch calculate y(p) for p= .1,.2,.3,.4,.5,.6,.7,.8,.9 B. Graph y(p) versus p using excel (line graph) C. Dicuss briefly how good you this test is based on they(p) above. Answer: The the line is straight sloped line, it shows the there is a constant increase in success with increase in the p or sample D. Construct a test x a for the null hypothesis ho: p=0.65 that will allow you to 10% chance of making a type 1 error (i.e. rejecting a true h0) with maximum probability of rejecting ho y (0.8) when in fact the true state of nature is ha: p=0.8 Test will be based on the changes, with the rejection region of 10% and same the chance of making type I error. The test will consist the sample, with the probability of success change to 0.85

Essay Topics for Grade 7 Students - the Story

Essay Topics for Grade 7 Students - the Story The Upside to Essay Topics for Grade 7 Students Imagine you're a superhero. So, it's a remarkable foundation for assorted epic stories! Look through actual topics that have an opportunity to hook your readers' interest. Therefore, you might take an effortless topic and surprise everyone with your wide method of thinking and your individual values. Perhaps the most significant thing that you need to not forget is that you're expected to compose an essay instead of simply to describe something. The most significant thing you want to bear in mind when writing an opinion essay is that you want to express your opinion. Writing of the descriptive essay can be rather challenging. Put simply, the essay should say how you intend to get ready for class. Don't panic if you are not able to get your descriptive essay right. Writing a great essay might be a bit of cake if you're feeling inspired. Be attentive to the size it must be and begin writing the narrative essay outline. There are a few great topics to think about when selecting topic for your argumentative essay. Though, there are specific patterns that you are supposed to follow when you compose a descriptive essay. Therefore, below are some basic strategies to assist you in writing of good descriptive essay. Be certain, you'll get the result you expect! The options are endless. If nobody knows the way to write or read cursive handwriting, the shape of communication is going to be lost, some believe. Some students utilize the very first idea that arrives in their head and work on it, but the outcome isn't successful. Essay Topics for Grade 7 Students Help! How you would like your peers to take care of each other 31. Students will discover that it's simpler to write about topics they're interested in, and it'll make the researching process much simpler. Many students have a tendency to encounter the writin g issues due to the shortage of appropriate comprehension. You are able to have a look at the points from their writings and finalize the topic you would like to write. When you have the topic, answer the question and after that support your answer with three or more explanations for why you believe it. Following are various sorts of essay topics for students that are categorized in many sections so you can easily chose the topic depending on your need and requirement. English language classes usually demand a lot of writing. Pregnant couples should get parenting lessons. It is irrelevant if you teach English online or whether you're a classroom teacher, we wish to understand about your teaching styles. Use transition words to get your text coherent and simple to read. Writing about nuclear weapons is always a superb idea. The absolute most beautiful painting you've seen 8. Essay Topics for Grade 7 Students at a Glance Even if books are somewhat more informative. Writing practice should not be boring! For many students, seventh grade is an amazingly significant transitional calendar year. School tests aren't powerful. Students in high school and college are anticipated to demonstrate a high degree of creativity and to go deeper in the topic that they've chosen. Every American should learn how to speak English. He should learn to speak Spanish. Life is much better than it was 50 decades ago. Women ought to be fined whenever they scream. Spam mail needs to be outlawed. An excessive amount of money isn't a good thing. The absolute most peaceful spot for you 84. There was an entire mess within it.

Significance of the Exclusionary Rule-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the significance of the Exclusionary rule that has been developed to safeguard the protection guaranteed by the Fourth Amendment in the US Constitution. Answer: Introduction The exclusionary rule is considered as a legal rule that is used in the US Constitution, which states that any evidence seized by the police illegally against the defendant, such evidence shall not be submitted during the criminal trials. Evidence is permitted to be presented before the court during trials of the criminals. The evidence that are relevant are only admissible in the court, which implies that the evidence must be such that it establishes the existence of any material fact related to the case. The exclusionary rule has been sanctioned to enforce the right of the citizens to be secure in their homes against the any illegitimate governmental interference (Kerr, 2016). However, the rule has been restricting the application of this rule only to evidences that have been obtained illegally by the police. This rule has been considered a deterrent to police misconduct. The Exclusionary Rule The exclusionary rule prevents the US government from submitting any evidence in trial that has been obtained illegally in contravention of the Fourth Amendment. The Fourth Amendment ensures protection against illegal seizure and search. The doctrine of exclusionary rule used in the US courts has been sanctioned to deter police and other law enforcement agents from obtaining evidence unreasonably and illegally (Cole, 2015). This rule has been sanctioned in protection of the right of the people to be secured in their homes and to be protected against illegal search and seizures. If an evidence is banned or forbidden from being submitted to the court, it implies that the evidence collected against the defendant cannot be used against him during his trial, provided such evidence has been collected illegally. Background of the Exclusionary Doctrine At Common law, the legitimacy of the method to collect evidence had no relevance with the admissibility of such evidence that is, the court was not concerned whether the evidence submitted was obtained legally or illegally neither it formed any issue with respect to the determination of the question. However, in 1886, the Supreme Court paved the way for the establishment of the exclusionary rule in Boyd v United States [1886] 116 US 616. In this case, the court held it is important to ensure that a liberal approach should be applied while interpreting the constitutional provisions pertaining to security of person and property (Cole, 2015). The liberal construction principle led to the way establishment of the exclusionary rule that was ultimately brought up in the landmark case of Weeks v United States [1914] 232 US 383. In this landmark case, a US Marshall seized evidence from the home of the defendant without any arrest or search warrant against Mr. Weeks. Moreover, such evidence was seized without the consent of Mr. Weeks, the defendant. The court held that if evidence is seized in this manner and used against the defendant, it should amount to a contravention of the protection guaranteed in the Fourth Amendment; therefore, such evidence shall have no value. The court further reasoned that the Fourth amendment subjects the Federal and US officials to restrictions with respect to the exercise of their authority and power. Hence, the Court established that the evidence obtained by the Federal agents in a manner that contravenes the Fourth Amendment rights should not be included in the criminal prosecution against the defendant. Further, in Mapp v Ohio [1961] 367 US 643, the Supreme Court held that the exclusionary rule is applicable to the states. Furthermore, the decision in Miranda v Arizona [1966] 384 U.S. 436 established that the exclusionary rule is applicable to self-incriminatory statements that have been obtained improperly, resulting in contravention of the Fifth Amendment. The Fourth Amendment and the Exclusion rule The Fourth Amendment under the US Constitution was enforced with the objective of ensuring security of every person in his or her respective homes. The underlying principle of this amendment is that each mans castle is his home and every man is safeguarded from arbitrary and illegal police arrests (Kerr, 2016). The Fourth Amendment ensures that no person is subjected to unreasonable seizures and searches of their respective properties by the US government. This Constitutional amendment is based on the law regarding stop-and-frisk, search warrants and any other forms of safety inspections, wiretaps etc. the Fourth Amendment is fundamental to privacy law and other aspects of criminal law. This legal provision stipulated under the Fourth Amendment aims at safeguarding the privacy right of the people by deterring unnecessary and illegal intrusion from the US Government. In other words, the Fourth Amendment does not ensure safety for search and seizures that the governmental officials carry out legally and on a valid legal ground. Therefore, in order to claim contravention of the Fourth Amendment, the court shall determine whether such intrusion has violated any of the rights of the claimant, where the claimant expected privacy and such intrusion has violated the privacy right. Significance of the Exclusionary rule The introduction of the exclusionary rule in the Fourth Amendment has been made to deter police misconduct and enables the courts to exclude admissibility of any incriminating evidence during trial provided the defendant establishes that the evidence was obtained in violation of a constitutional provision (Kerr, 2016). This doctrine permits the defendants to challenge the evidence obtained illegally by initiating a pre-trial motion in order to suppress the evidence. However, if the court permits the evidence to be submitted during trial and the jury votes in favor of conviction, the defendant is entitled to prefer an appeal to challenge the correctness of the decision taken by the court regarding denial of the motion to suppress. Although the Supreme Court had established in Lockhart v Nelson [1988] 488 USS 33 that the defendant is not barred from the retrial, however, if the defendant is convicted in the second trial and the evidence suppressed by the applying the exclusionary rule is crucial to the prosecution. The doctrine of Fruit of the Poisonous Tree This legal doctrine Fruit of the Poisonous tree states that an evidence obtained through illegal search, seizure, interrogation or arrest is not admissible before the court as the evidence is tainted due to the illegal method in which it has been obtained. In other words, this doctrine is considered as a companion to the exclusionary rule, as this doctrine not only excludes evidence from trial that has been obtained in contravention of the Constitution but it also excludes any other evidence that has been obtained through the illegal search or seizure (Kerr, 2016). For instance, police put a wiretap on a drug-dealers phone without obtaining any warrant for the same. Now, the suspect discloses that he has drugs hidden under a dumpster and the buyer picks it from the dumpster. The police finds the place and seize the drugs and such illegal phone calls shall not be admissible to the court which is signified as the poisonous tree and the drugs seized as the outcome of the illegal phone call shall not be admissible either as it is signified as the fruit of the poisonous tree. Exceptions to the Exclusionary Rule Although the rationale behind the establishment of the exclusionary rule is to deter the law enforcement officers from conducting illegal searches and seizures contravention of the Fourth amendment, thus, providing remedies to the defendants whose rights have been infringed. However, since this doctrine is a court made rule unlike an independent constitutional right, hence, courts have provided with exceptions to the application of this rule. The exceptions are enumerated as below: Good faith- if a police officer relies on search warrant and collect evidence but such search warrant turns out to be invalid, under such circumstances, the evidence shall not be excluded from being admissible (Kerr, 2016). This exception as established in the landmark case United States v Leon [1983] 104 S Ct. 3405 and in Arizona v Evans [1995] 514 US1. Further, in the case Illinois v Krull [1987], the court held that evidence is admissible if the officers rely on nay statute that has been later repealed. Furthermore, in Herring v US [2009], the Court found that the good faith exception should be applicable against the exclusionary rule when the police employees mistakenly failed to maintain warrant database records. Doctrine of Independent source- any evidence that has been excluded initially for being obtained illegally may be later admissible provided the same evidence has been obtained after lawful seizure or search. This exception was established in the case of Nix v Williams [1984] for the first time and then this rule has been interpreted in Murray v US [1988]. Doctrine of Attenuation under circumstances where the challenged evidence and the unconstitutional conduct is not directly related and attenuated, the evidence shall become admissible as was established in Utah v Strieff [2016] and Brown v Illinois [1975]. The court shall determine three essential factors to apply this exception: presence of interference, temporal proximity and purpose of official misconduct. Doctrine of Inevitable Discovery in Nix v Williams it was established that any evidence discovered illegally shall be admissible if it is clear that such evidence would otherwise have been discovered even if the investigations were carried out lawfully. Evidence admissible for Impeachment- In Harris v New York [1971], the Supreme Court established that this exception shall be used as truth-detecting factor to avert perjury but such evidence shall be admissible only for impeachment and not to establish guilt. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be inferred that the exclusionary rule that has been developed to allow the defendant to suppress certain evidences that are admitted against them on the ground that such evidence has been collected through illegal means and violates their rights guaranteed under the Fourth Amendment. A motion to suppress evidence is a request that is made by the defendant before the court to exclude such evidences from the trial proceedings for the illegal manner it has been obtained by the law enforcement officials (Kerr, 2016). The exclusionary rule has been subjected to limited applications as this rule merely deters the police officers from using illegal means to collect evidence and use it against the defendant, violating the legal provision of the Fourth Amendment and the rights of such defendants. If any police officers or law enforcement officers do not have a search or seizure warrant against any person, the rule prohibits such officers to search or seize any property of such person rendering such search or seizure as well as the evidence obtained through such illegal procedures as invalid and unlawful. The rule though safeguards the rights guaranteed to the people by the Fourth amendment but not the extent that justice cannot be administered. Reference list Arizona v Evans [1995] 514 US1 Boyd v United States [1886] 116 US 616 Brown v Illinois. [1975] 422 U.S. 590 Cole, S. C. (2015). De-Clawing Katz: Emerging Technology and the Exclusionary Rule.SMU Sci. Tech. L. Rev.,18, 47. Harris v New York [1971]. 401 U.S. 222 Herring v US (2009) 555 U.S. 135 Illinois v Krull (1987) 480 U.S. 340, Kerr, O. S. (2016). The Effect of Legislation on Fourth Amendment Protection.Mich. L. Rev.,115, 1117. Lockhart v Nelson [1988] 488 USS 33 Mapp v Ohio 367 US 643 Miranda v Arizona [1966] 384 U.S. 436 Murray v US (1988) 487 U.S. 533 Nix v Williams (1984),467 U.S. 431 United States v Leon [1983] 104 S Ct. 3405 Utah v Strieff (2016) 579 U.S. ___, 136 S. Ct. 2056 Weeks v United States [1914] 232 US 383

Redneck Culture

Socio-Economic Status of Slum Dwellers

Socio-Economic Status of Slum Dwellers Free Online Research Papers The study region is municipal area situated in dist. Pratapgarh, which sites in Gangetic plain in UP. It spreads over 12 km2 with total population of 71999 persons. In the age of urbanization in developing countries like India, the slums are like white spot on the body which is caused by uneven development. To sort out the urban problems, socio-economic study of the city is necessary and if we want to have clean cities in near future, the studies of slums are not only important but demand of time also. Therefore a sample area has been randomly taken for the socio-economic study. The parameters for demarcation slums are water supply condition, sanitation and road, employment, housing condition, sufficient living area. To sum up, the study reveals that a particular caste resides in a particular slum and these castes are related to either Pal or Harijan and Muslims. The slums lack with water, sanitation, road facility and it also denotes that the slum dwellers are unaware of programs launched by the Government. Pratapgarh District, one of the oldest Districts of UP, which came into existence in the year 1858, is situated in eastern part of UP. According to JNU’s development list based on socio-economic-agricultural, Pratapgarh stands in last category. So it is an undeveloped district. Pratapgarh district famous for its Aonla and people gives alias â€Å"AONLA NAGRI†. The district, which forms from a part of Faizabad division, is named after it headquarter town Bela Pratapgarh commonly known as Pratapgarh. When district was constituted in 1858 it’s headquarter established at Bela which come to know as Bela Pratapgarh. The name Bela presumably being derived from the temple of â€Å"Bela Bhawani†, sites on the bank of river SAI. The study region districts headquarter; Bela Pratapgarh is situated at Allahabad-Faizabad national highway no. 96, at a distance of 39 km from Sultanpur and 60 km from Allahabad. Bela Pratapgarh city is a secondary town and spreads over 12 km2 with total population of 71999 persons (as per 2001 census). It is municipal area, which is divided in 25 wards so far. In total population of Bela Pratapgarh, percentage of OBC population is 31.58% and SC is 7.97%. The percentage of male and female population is 52.67% and 47.32%. The SEX ratio of Bela Pratapgarh is 898 which are quite lower than the district ratio (1004) and literacy rate is 71.039% which is higher than the district literacy ratio (58.67 percent). In Bela Pratapgarh, male literacy rate 77.03 percent followed by female 64.36 percent and district male literacy rate 74.61 percent followed by female literacy rate 42.63 percent. The Study Area: Study area of slums spread in all over the city in small patches. In 1997 District Urban Development Agency (DUDA) was stabilized and DUDA has declared 3 slum areas, these registered slums are Patkohli, Padawa and Karanpur. But there are some unregistered slum areas like Azadnagar, Khuskhuswapur, Pitai-ka-purwa, Bholiapur etc. Among these slum areas Patkoli ward is largest slum area with the 160 households. In Patkoli ward slum area is found in 3 patches- Ziriyamau, Patkoli and Bela Ghat; Pitai-ka-purwa with 2 patches- pitai-ka-purwa and nai-basti. Other slum areas have 30 to 60 households. Ward-name Basti name No of households Patkoli ziriyamau, patkoli, bela gaht 160 Aspatal ward Azadnagar 60 Bali Pur Khuskhuswapur 35 Pitai ka Purwa Nai basit, pure pitai 60 Padawa harizen basti 30 Karanpur Karanpur 35 Bholiapur Bholiapur 25 Objective of the Study: Every citizen has the right to live in a good living condition with employment, safety and other facilities. If any area left undeveloped, creates crisis in the mode of crime, unsocial activities, uneducated and unaware persons, low-level living condition, inadequate housing condition, unmoral citizens and unhealthy children with the unhealthy future of city and country. Now governments aware of the slum Basties of cities and launched many programmes to improve the condition of slum dwellers and his proficiency. But the game does not over, commonly seen that unregistered slums site over Urban Fringe area or at inner border of city, because of special spatial condition policies never imposed its effect in full fledged from. In city area, which is defined by the municipality area, plans take its own time to produce its impacts. Since, slums are present before the executions of development plans; therefore many problems stand in front of city and the citizens in form of crime, violence, poverty etc. These causes also exist in the study area. The objective behind the study aimed at to evaluate the socio-economic condition and to access the impact of government programmes upon slum dwellers of Pratapgarh City (Bela). Methodology: Every city has two types of slum areas i.e. registered and unregistered. The parameters for demarcating the slum are water supply condition, sanitation and road, housing condition. After that, to study the socio-economic status, a random sampling method has been adopted. For the survey and sample collection, a questionnaire has been prepared and door to door survey has been done. Because, Patakoli ward has large number of households, so, in this area 20 households were randomly selected for the study and in other areas 8 households have randomly taken. To evaluate the condition of dwellers, center tendency method is used. Social Status: In Bela Pratapgarh, slum dwellers are Hindus (64.44 percent) and Muslims (35.64 percent). In the total population of slum dwellers OBC with 57.14 percent, are in majority followed by SC with 33.65 percent and General with 9.2 percent. Religion CATEGORY PERCENTAGE HINDU GENERAL 2.955 OBC 47.783 SC 49.261 MUSLIM GENERAL 20.595 OBC 74.107 SC 5.357 Among Hindus, SC population is 49.261 percent and followed by OBC with 47.783 percent and General with 2.955 percent. In Muslims, OBC population is in majority with 74.107 percent followed by General 20.595 percent and SC with 5.357 percent. In slum areas sex ratio is 944 is greater than the Bela Pratapgarh sex ratio (898) and State sex ratio (898) but lower than district sex ratio (1004). In slum areas Hindus sex ratio (1071) is higher than Muslim sex ratio (778). Literacy: The overall literacy rate in slum areas is 56 percent with male and female literacy 65 percent and 46 percent against 71.039 percent in Bela Pratapgarh with male and female literacy 77.03 percent and 64.36 percent. Literacy rate of slum areas, near to district rate (58.67 percent) and UP state rate (57.36 percent) but it lower than the National rate (64.8 percent). The male literacy rate of slum areas 65 percent is quite lower to district rate (74.61 percent), national rate (75.8 percent) and state rate (70.23 percent) but female literacy rate 46 percent is near to district rate (42.63 percent), state rate (42.98 percent) and lowers than the national ratio (53.7 percent). In slum areas Primary educated persons are in majority with 60.71 percent followed by Madhyamic (28.27 percent), Inter (5.089 percent), Graduate (2.68 percent) and Post-Graduate (1.071 percent). The vocational trained persons are 1.09 percent. Income: Total working people percentage of slum dwellers is near about 24.14 percent. Among these persons, 60 percent people do not know the nature of day’s work. The average of working day in a month stands between 16 to 20 days. Over all average income of slum dwellers is quite lower with 13.03 Rs a day/person against the urban poverty line, which is near about 17 Rs. Average income of a working people 55.98 Rs for doing work 7 hour and 36 min in a day, which is quite lower than the UP Government regulation. Housing condition: In slum areas housing conditions are found in a very poor position. In sample area 46.34 percent of Kchcha houses made by mud, plastic and bamboo, 21.95 percent of Pakkaa houses made by bricks and 31.71 percent houses made by mud and bricks which have greater part Kachcha and smaller part Pakka. So, 78 percent of households face problem of housing. Sanitation, Water, Road and Health: In slum area sanitation and road facility are totally unavailable, for example except karanpur, ziriyamau, ptakholi, bela ghat, padava have Kaccha road and azad nagar, khuskuswapur, nai basati and pitai ka purwa have Kharanja road. In these areas drinking water facilities totally unavailable, except Azadnagar, in other ward water source is well or government hand pump, at per 25 households. Also in Azadnagar drinking water facilities totally unavailable and dwellers get drinking water from hand-pumps of rich neighbors. In other areas, if there is water supply, its condition is very poor. Generally water supply pipes are sunk in drain water. Hence, the water can not be used being coal black. In slum area latrine facilities are in poor condition, only 20% households have own latrines and other 80% uses the open lands. The wastages of households dump by householder near the open land or the path. As far as, the total environment of slums does not good, in all these areas children are suffering from viral infections, boils, fever etc for ever. Social Activities: -In crime, violence and immorality slum areas are leading portion of the city. In study area violence seems as quarrel, fight or abuse in home with wife, children, parents etc. or with the neighbors. The day life of the dwellers start and end with the quarrel and it happens because of drinking liquor. Immorality can be seen in the form of gambling. A sentence told by an old man to me in zriyamau about the gambling, pinched me a lot. He told, â€Å"He bhaiya agar in nanha-nanha larikan ka juaa chudawai detya tau enkar kalyan hoi jaatai.†(If you can escape younger Boys from gambling, then they would lead a good life). In these areas some families are vagabonds. Police keeps an eye over them, arrest and warn. Because most of them many times involved in unsocial and immoral activities like snatching, thieving, gambling etc. Government Plans and Awareness: District Urban Development Agency is the coordinating agency at district level for formulating different developmental schemes in urban areas. The following schemes/programmes are being implemented under the supervision of DUDA. Swarna Jayanti Sahari Rojgar Yojana, which is currently in operation with effect from 1.12.97, is a substitution of the earlier programmes like Urban Basic Services for the Poor (UBSP), Prime Minister Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication Yojana (NRY), Environmental Improvement of Urban Slums (EIUs). Under the scheme SJSRY, the following programmes are being implemented in all the ULBs of this district. Community structure (Information Education and Communication (IEC) Component. Urban Self Employment Programme (USEP) (subsidy) Development of Women and Children in Urban Areas (DWCUA) Thrift and Credit Society Urban Wage Employment Programme (UWEP) U.S.E.P (Skill up gradation Training) Administration and Office expenses (A O.E.) About these programmes and DUDA slum dwellers unaware and in sample area only one person know about DUDA and its U.S.E.P. programme. It shows the lack of publicity of programmes and unawareness of slum dwellers. Some advantages they gain from common programmes like Antyodaya yojana, Mid-day-Meal programme and Scholar-Ship programmes. Conclusion: To conclude; we can say that a big number of people, known as slum dweller, are forced to live below poverty line. The main reason of their poverty is illiteracy and lack of will power to improve his condition. They always look for the government helps; debt, relief etc. and wait for them, this type of mentality and government plans make them paralyzed instead of self reliance. They lack behind good education, health, sanitation and economy. There are Governments plans to improve their poor condition. But these programmes are executed half heartedly. There is need to focus their problems and a strong heart and mind to execute these programmes. If it happens so, the day will come with hope for them and for the people who are affected by these slum dwellers. Research Papers on Socio-Economic Status of Slum DwellersInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Effects of Illegal Immigration19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraResearch Process Part OneThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Relationship between Media Coverage and Social andAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeWhere Wild and West Meet

Dissolved Oxygen Content and Fish Populations in Water Coursework

Dissolved Oxygen Content and Fish Populations in Water - Coursework Example 6. Analyze results – Assume that your experiment produces results identical to those seen in Table 4, what type of graph would be appropriate for displaying the data and why? 6. Analyze results – Assume that your experiment produces results identical to those seen in Table 4, what type of graph would be appropriate for displaying the data and why? The best type of graph to be used will be a line graph. This type of graph best illustrates trends or behavior of the dependent variable (fish) against varying oxygen levels. The line graph helps the researcher easily monitor increases and declines in the variable over time.   7. Analyze results - Graph the data from Table 4 and describe what your graph looks like (you do not have to submit a picture of the actual graph!). For oxygen levels of between 0 and 4 ppm, the graph rises steadily but for values between 4 and 12 ppm, there is a sharp rise. However, there is a significant drop between levels of 12 and 14ppm, before again showing a steady rise between levels of 14 and 18ppm.   8. Draw conclusions - Interpret the data from the graph made in Question 7.   What conclusions can you make based on the results of this graph? Based on the results, fish thrive well in water with dissolved oxygen concentrations of about 12ppm. However, when the oxygen level is raised above this level, there is no significant increase in the number of fish but instead; a drop in fish populations may be witnessed. Therefore, 12ppm is the optimal level of dissolved oxygen for fish survival.  9. Draw conclusions – Assuming that your experiment produced results identical to those seen in Table 4, would you reject or accept the hypothesis that you produced in question 3?   Explain how you determined this. If my experimental results were to be identical to the above, I would accept my hypothesis. This is because the highest population of fish is witnessed at 12ppm dissolved oxygen level. This means that any values below the 12ppm will lead and this supports my hypothesis.

Employee Relations and Employee Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Employee Relations and Employee Law - Essay Example The latter was largely unpopular with employers and some employees but provided a lot of billing time to the legal fraternity due to its intricate and indefinite procedures that were wrought with problematic clauses. An Associate at Mogers Associates, Tim Gofton observed that, ‘The complexity of the SDRP and the wide interpretations given by Tribunals to important areas of the SDRP (such as supposedly straightforward issues such as what constitutes a ‘grievance’) pushed employees towards seeking legal advice. This in itself pushed parties further away from resolution’ (Gofton, 2009 p.2). For the second time in five years, dispute resolution between employers and employees will be radically overhauled through an introduction of a process that has less stringent measures to the defaulting persons or entities when compared to the earlier process. While a majority of the players have welcomed the new forum for resolution of grievances, others have questioned the ambiguities encompassed in the new code which might lead to further escalation of grievance claims like in the earlier process (an increase by 40 - 65 percent within the last two years). Tynan (2009), however asserts that ‘the code is certainly less prescriptive than the old statutory dispute resolution procedures (SDRPs) that promoted fixation on procedural compliance rather than working actively to resolve the dispute.’(Tynan, 2009, p. 1). The formation of the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS) in 1975 was preceded by a period of great turmoil in the relationships between employers and their staff. Large-scale industrial unrest in the late 1970s and 1980s was widespread due to lack of an agreeable dispute or grievance resolutions mechanism between the employers and employees. The government as a result formed ACAS through the Employment Protection Act to act as the arbitrator in the many highly volatile national strikes that were paralysing the nation hence sabotaging

What Makes Us Different From Other Animals Philosophy Essay

What Makes Us Different From Other Animals Philosophy Essay In a world that has come so far ahead in evolutionary terms, what is it that makes us, human kind, so different from other animals. It has been said that chimps are our nearest evolutionary cousins, roughly 98 to 99 identical to humans at the genetic level. Any differences are said to come from the transmission of culture and our ability to build societies. Godelier stated that human beings, in contrast to other social animals, do not just live in society; they produce society in order to live. In this essay I will be looking to explore cultural and linguistic aspects which seek to differentiate us between other animals. Humans seem to encompass a culture which is not seen in any other animal. In Lewiss lecture (15.10.12), culture was referred to as seas of history which bind humans together. In DAndrades article of culture and language, he refers to culture as being a social heritage of learning which includes a number of things such as beliefs and techniques which are independent of biological processes. For him, there are two sides to culture, one being a physical manifestation and the other side, a mental manifestation. Both sides need to be present in order for culture to be passed on from generation to generation. For this to happen, culture needs to comprise of meaning and be symbolic, culture must be also external in the form of actions and signs (1995:223). Boesch and Tomasello (1998:602) note that human cultural traditions have had modifications over generations also known as the ratchet effect. The ratchet effect requires that humans imitate from one another. This is what sets us apart from other animals and is so unique to us. Humans have cumulative cultural evolution, the ability to accumulate over time results in complex tools and languages in modern time (Tomasello et al. 2003:121). The use of tools as technical intelligence is an evolutionary advantage which humans have. Washburn (1959) argued that selective pressure resulted in physical changes in the hand. Over generations, the uses of tools became part of our culture, as humans were required to use precision grip, the consequence of which changed the human hand. However, it cannot be said that the modifications of the human cultural artefact, such as tools, are the creation of one individual human brain. Modifications over generations were made to aid change and therefore inv entions are transmissions of accumulative knowledge, which is a characteristic of all human cultures. (Lewis 2012) In comparison, animals such as chimpanzees experience slippage, whereby chimpanzee traditions are often lost as a consequence of drift, inventing constantly and branching. (Lewis 2012). Tomasello et al. have hypothesized that chimpanzee cultural traditions and artefacts do not show the ratchet effect. This is because the ratchet effect depends of innovations and imitative learning (1993: 603). Even though chimpanzees are innovators they lack uniformity and the active teaching of such cultures, so culture is lost. Lewis states that the ratchet effect is ruined through emulative learning (2012). Therefore the transmission of chimpanzee culture can be seen to be as ineffective. However, it could be deemed that any assumptions made about chimpanzees and their lack of cumulative cultural evolution is problematic. Boesch and Tomasello argue that 30 years is not long enough to make the judgement that chimpanzee practices do not show the ratchet effect. And even if evidence suggests that chimpanzees do show this cumulative cultural evolution, it may be restricted to a small population or to certain cultural traditions (1998:602). In Tomasello and Rakoczys study into human cognition, they explain that the most fundamental cognitive skill, are those that involved the understanding of persons, also known as the theory of mind (2003:122). According to the American Psychological Association  (APA) theory of mind is the ability to imagine or make deductions about the mental states of other individuals. Humans have an innate capacity to mind-read, the capability to understand one another is necessary in order for language to progress, complex co-operation in situations such as at school or work requires this ability to mind read, which makes culture possible (Lewis 2012). If humans did not have theory of mind, it would be impossible for society to exist as it does presently, humans heavily rely on this ability everyday unknowingly. However although this mind-reading attribute is a fundamental skill in humans, Call and Tomasello in answer to Premack and Woodruff, have found that chimpanzees do in fact encompass what is known to man as theory of mind (2008:190). They argue that studies of chimpanzees showed that they were able to not only understand human goals (which was the original aim of Premack and Woodruffs study), but were able to understand human intentions. However it cannot be said that chimpanzee understanding can be compared to that of a fully fledged human. In my opinion, animals such as chimpanzees must acquire the minimum amount of theory of mind for evolutionary reasons within their own animal kingdom. Animals, on a smaller scale, most likely understand thoughts and emotions of others within their species, otherwise relationships between animals would be unheard of. Vilensky et al. (1982) state that, the human brain differs from those of other animals. This is due to humans having a greater capacity for complex language and an innate interest in speaking language. According to Nowak, in his study into the biology of language, Language is the most important evolutionary invention of the last few million years. Language allows humans to express their ideas and for the exchange of information. The evolution from animal communication to human language is an adaptation that has been necessary in order for our species to pass on culture and efficiently aids survival (2000:1615). According to Miller (1981), the ability to speak is the most complex mechanical motion the human body can perform. Speaking requires the synchronisation of various parts of the vocal chord within a few hundredths of a second. Nowak suggests that the reason that primates, our closes living relatives, do not have complex language is due to our ancestral lines. As a consequence of evolution, generations were able to build our language instinct from material that was already present in our ancestor species at that time (2000:1616). Therefore, the ability to form language has been firmly set in our genome and is part of our biology. Many anthropologists argue that language ability is selected because language increases the potential for cooperation, manipulating other creatures, or dealing with large groups. However, it could be argued that if language was selected based on these reasons, then why dont other animals have the ability to speak. Therefore it must be that the reasons for humans having the ability to speak are unexplainable (Nowak 2002). Language is therefore unique to humans and therefore distinguishes them from other animals. In conclusion, it has been shown that culture and language is what seems to differentiate humans from other animals. Although animals seem to show evidence of having theory of mind, they cannot express this understanding the way humans can. So it can also be said that humans uniquely acquire theory of mind. However, in many areas it is not possible to see any clear cut answers due to lack of information. The fact that we have not studied chimpanzees or any other animals in their natural environment for long enough, means that it is likely that any comparisons made will be lacking in validity. Looking at humans and other animals comparatively, it seems that it is difficult to clearly differentiate humans from other animals. The overlapping features that we come across shows that although humans may have evolved there are aspects of man that will link them to other animals.

Identify a personal hero and articulate the influence this person has h

Identify a personal hero and articulate the influence this person has had on you I learn Spanish literature from a petite, sophisticated woman who has yet to appear in anything less that pearls, a well-cut suit and carefully scraped-back hair. Nevertheless, not one class has gone by without her eventually sitting cross-legged on her desk, eyes intent behind wire-rimmed glasses, hair slipping from her ponytail as if in agreement with her insistence that Spanish is exciting and all-encompassing, that Spanish literature is life reflected. At first, I thought she was a lunatic, ranting about "El simulo," "las metaforas," and "el tema." I spent the first week getting accustomed to her quick Iberian way of speaking, catching every other verb or noun, frantically trying to piece together what exactly she wanted from me. Each time she would veer her gaze in my direction, I would bend my head down to my note pad, furiously scribbling down some non-important point in the hopes that she wouldn't call on me....

MCHC Paper

Perhaps what he as most well known for is the fact that he performed many late-term abortions on these women. Late term abortions are heavily criticized and debated throughout the world today and thus, he received much scrutiny, eventually paving the road for his future (Masters, 2013). Late term abortions are those that take place late into the term of the woman's pregnancy and can be done as late as 35 weeks into a pregnancy. The process for these types of abortions is very graphic: a lethal dose of Dioxin, a heart medicine, is injected into the heart of the baby in the amniotic fluid through the woman's abdomen.This causes the baby to have a earth attack and die. Labor is then induced and the woman gives birth too non-living child (Operation Rescue, 2013). Connell was performing what many people refer to as partial birth abortions. This is when the baby is born and then essentially killed. This raised a lot of issues, most notably whether he was performing abortions of committing murder. Most people believed that this type of abortion was occurring well past the, â€Å"gray area,† of whether the fetus is a living being or not.There were also some issues on whether the clinic that he was running was legitimate. These started to take shape when an untrained and unlicensed clinic worker gave Ackermann Monger, a woman who came into Counsel's clinic in 2009, an overdose of painkillers, which caused Monger to die (Who is Connell? , 2014). Abortion and the notions of Pro-Choice and Pro-Life are very' important topics in the world today, both politically and religiously, thus Connell and his actions were highly criticized which in turn led to his rise in fame.Connell has had many prior complaints starting in 1 989 and the FBI eventually brought his actions to light after a raid of his clinic in 2010. The raid was performed to investigate suspected illegal drug use at Counsel's Lenin, which was called Women's Medical Society. When the clinic was raided, they a lso discovered unsanitary conditions throughout the facility, use of untrained staff, and use of powerful drugs without proper medical supervision and control (Williams, 2013).Connell was arrested in January Of 2011 and he was charged seven counts Of first degree murder, which was reduced to four at trial, one count of third degree murder, for the death of Monger, infanticide, which was dismissed at trial, five counts of abusing a corpse, also dismissed at trial, multiple counts of conspiracy, criminal solicitation and violation of state law that forbids abortions after the 24th week of a pregnancy (Sullivan, 2013).Connell also received some non-murder charges ranging from 24 counts of violating Pennsylvania Abortion Act by performing illegal third-trimester abortions, 227 counts of violating a twenty-four hour waiting period requirement and failing to counsel patients (Sullivan, 2013). Connell violated many moral and ethical principles during his time as a doctor. First and foremos t is personality. Connell had no remorse for human life and did not treat it as sacred or special when he murdered children post birth. Next is demonology and beneficence.Connell failed to do what was best for his patients because if he would have done so he would have not only counseled the mothers, but would have never hurt those babies. Connell was also in violation of non-malfeasance because failed in his mission to do no harm to his patients. While he may not have harmed most of the mothers, the babies that these women were having were certainly harmed. He failed to realize the teleology Of the acts that he Was performing and did not realize the ultimate consequences of his actions. Perhaps his biggest ethical violation was the lack of respect that he showed towards all of is patients.Connell performed these medical acts in unsanitary conditions and enlisted the help of unqualified people. His biggest lack of respect was that of human life. He allowed those mothers to give birt h to their babies and then he proceeded to kill them by snipping their spinal cord through the neck. My opinion on abortion is simple. I do not support it and I am one hundred percent pro life. This may be because both of my parents share the same views as I do and I come from a traditionally republican family, but it is my belief that human life is sacred and is a special gift from God.Thus, it is to be treated as such and an abortion is a violation of that belief. In my opinion, human life begins at the moment of conception so an abortion is a clear ending of that life. Another factor in my opinion of abortion could also branch from my Catholic background, I have gone to catholic schools since preschool and continue my catholic enrichment here at Gowned Mercy and it is also the catholic position on abortion to be pro life. In my opinion, what Connell did was horrible and a clear violation of human rights. He is right where he belongs, which is in prison serving a life sentence. No t even begin to think of a reason that he may have for doing what he did. His actions were morally and ethically wrong and luckily he is now paying the price for them. Connell is essentially a murderer and violated state abortion laws countless times in his medical career. In no way, shape, or form is what he did correct, he lost sight Of the importance of life a performed unforgivable actions. Whether it was out of greed, or whether he thought what he was doing was right, Connell deserves the punishment that has been given to him. Works Cited Masters, Teresa (March 19, 2013).

Victims Of Violence A Third Of Women - 1602 Words

Victims of violence: A third of women continue to face physical or sexual violence. Many women are not given the equal rights they deserve and this violates the human rights of women across the world (World Health Organization, 2016) CEDAW: In the year 1979, countries around the world signed CEDAW (Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women) (United Nations, 2009). Education: to this day, young girls still do not have access to basic education. Nearly of girls of 100 million children, are currently not attending school (UNICEF, 2015). In 2013, legislation was passed that prevented domestic violence against women in 76 countries that previously had no laws against it (Liz Ford, 2014). Child Marriage: It†¦show more content†¦Women are typically viewed as being â€Å"less† than men, so they do not have the same equal rights. Over the last 20 years, women in both the developed world and the developing world, have gained more access to family planning. Efforts to decrease the number of maternal and child deaths have been reduced dramatically (United Nations, 2009). 1.Women’s work is undervalued: Women typically make less money than men for doing the same job. One reason for this is because men’s competence is usually viewed as being more valuable compared to women’s, even if they women may be doing better (European Commission, 2016). 2. Traditions, stereotypes discrimination: To this day, the reason why the issue regarding the gender pay gap still exists is because employers typically presume that men are better at certain jobs or process certain skills which makes them more superior to women (European Commission,2016). Political Women in the political atmosphere, or positions of power, are more likely to overturn the issues that surround the gender pay gap such as gender discrimination in the workplace, undervalued women’s work etc. Without women, the barriers that prevent equality would take longer to remove. Economic Profitability to economy : Without the full contribution in the labour